by/baɪ/

prep.

➊ near or beside (sb/sth)

➋ not later than (a particular time)

➌ used for showing who or what does sth

➍ used for showing how or in what way sth is done

➎ past (sb/sth)

➏ used for saying which part of sb/sth you hold, touch, etc.

prep.

➊ 靠近，在…旁：a house by the lake 湖滨房子

➋ 不迟于；在…之前：I've to finish it by 5 o'clock. 我得在5点前把它做完。

➌ 被：The dog was hit by a car. 这只狗被车撞了。

◇a novel by Ba Jin 巴金写的小说

➍ 用；由；乘（车）：Send the letter to me by airmail. 用航空邮件把信寄给我。

◇go by bus/train/plane 乘公共汽车/火车/飞机

◇by air/sea 乘飞机/经海路

➎ 经过：She walked by her friend without saying hello. 她从她朋友身边走过，但没打招呼。

➏ [表示抓住、触摸的部分] ：[by the ...] She grabbed me by the hand. 她抓住我的手。

by oneself 单独地：He did it by himself. 他独自一个人做这件事。

by and by 不久，很快：I'm sure you will succeed by and by. 我深信你不久就会成功的。

by

nearby

passer-by

同音 buy; by; bye

常犯错误

✗ She caught the thief by his arm.

✓ She caught the thief by the arm. 她抓住了贼的手臂。

常犯错误

✗ She cut the cake by a knife.

✓ She cut the cake with a knife. 她用刀切开了蛋糕。

辨析at; beside; by; near

辨析by; in; with

辨析by; until

辨析by car; in a car

辨析by + 数量；to + 数量