any/'enɪ/

a.

➊ used to refer to one of a particular type of person or thing

➋ used to refer to “some”

pron.

➊ one of a particular type of person or thing

➋ some

a.

➊ 任一的；任何的：[any + 可数名词单数] Any student who breaks the rules will be punished. 任何学生不守规则都将受到惩罚。

◇any one of us 我们中的任何一个人

➋ 一些；什么：[any + 可数名词复数/不可数名词，用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句] Have you any brothers? 你有兄弟吗？

◇There's hardly any water in the lake. 湖里几乎没有水。

◇If you need any help, let me know. 如果你需要帮助，告诉我。

pron.

➊ 无论哪一个，任一：[any of sth/sb] You can take any of the books on the shelf. 你可拿架子上的任何一本书。

➋ 一些；若干：[用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句] I need some boxes. Do you have any? 我需要一些箱子，你有吗？

常犯错误

✗ He doesn't have any brother.

✓ He doesn't have any brothers. 他没有兄弟。

[✌any意为“一些”时，与可数名词复数连用，不能与单数连用]

常犯错误

✗ He is taller than any student in the class.

✓ He is taller than any other student in the class. 他比班上的任何其他学生都要高。

[✌此处any后加other更符合逻辑]

常犯错误

✗ Are there some tables there?

✓ Are there any tables there? 那儿有桌子吗？

辨析a; any

辨析any; any other

辨析any; each; every

辨析any; some